c.curionodeThe Turing Archive

2025 · Cryptography & quantum

When information obeys quantum rules

Quantum physics became a resource for secure communication and computation.

2025Turing Award

Visual guide

The prize, pictured

When information obeys quantum rules: Quantum physics became a resource for secure communication and computation.
Original conceptual diagram by Curionode. Read the text version below for the full explanation.
Read the poster text
  1. Prepare

    Send states chosen in different bases.

  2. Compare

    Publicly compare compatible measurement bases.

  3. Check

    Test for errors before extracting a key.

Quantum key distribution needs authenticated classical communication and trusted implementation assumptions; it is not a blanket guarantee for an entire system.

01 · The idea

In everyday language

Charles Bennett and Gilles Brassard helped establish quantum information science. Their BB84 protocol showed how quantum states could support key distribution, with eavesdropping detectable through statistical checks under the protocol’s assumptions. Their wider work helped turn entanglement and other quantum phenomena into information-processing resources. The 2025 award was announced in March 2026.

Why it matters

Quantum information changed the questions researchers could ask about secrecy, communication and the physical basis of computation.

02 · The people

Who brought the idea to life?

Illustrated portrait of Charles H. Bennett

Charles H. Bennett

Charles Bennett helped establish quantum information science by treating physical laws as resources and constraints for information processing. At IBM, his research explored reversible computation, quantum communication, and the relationship between information and thermodynamics. With Gilles Brassard he developed the BB84 quantum key-distribution protocol. His broader collaborations also helped establish quantum teleportation and entanglement-based communication, making him a central figure in the foundations of quantum computing.

Read the biography ↗
Illustrated portrait of Gilles Brassard

Gilles Brassard

Gilles Brassard helped connect theoretical computer science with quantum physics. With Charles Bennett he developed BB84, showing how quantum properties could support key distribution and reveal eavesdropping. His research also spans quantum algorithms, cryptography, and communication complexity. At the Université de Montréal, he helped build quantum information into a sustained research field, exploring how quantum resources change what can be computed, communicated, and securely shared.

Read the biography ↗

03 · Read further

From the original sources

Original explanations based on the official award record. The subject label is an editorial navigation aid.

  1. Official ACM profile: Charles H. Bennett ↗amturing.acm.org
  2. Heidelberg Laureate Forum: Charles H. Bennett ↗www.heidelberg-laureate-forum.org
  3. Official ACM profile: Gilles Brassard ↗amturing.acm.org
  4. Heidelberg Laureate Forum: Gilles Brassard ↗www.heidelberg-laureate-forum.org
  5. ACM award booklet ↗awards.acm.org